Auxiliary Material for Paper 2012RS005023

Ionospheric signatures of Tohoku-Oki tsunami of March 11, 2011: Model comparisons near the epicenter

David A. Galvan 
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.

Now at RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, USA.

Attila Komjathy
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.

Michael P. Hickey
Embry Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, Florida, USA.

Philip Stephens
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.

Jonathan Snively
Embry Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, Florida, USA.

Y. Tony Song, Mark D. Butala, and Anthony J. Mannucci
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.

Galvan, D. A., A. Komjathy, M. P. Hickey, P. Stephens, J. Snively, Y. Tony Song, M. D. Butala, and A. J. Mannucci (2012), Ionospheric signatures of Tohoku-Oki tsunami of March 11, 2011: Model comparisons near the epicenter, Radio Sci., 47, RSXXXX, doi:10.1029/2012RS005023.

Introduction

These three animations are supportive of figures in the submitted paper itself, and are referenced as Animations S1, S2, and S3 in the paper.  They are alternately available at the following ftp URLs, which are also listed in the paper's reference section:

Animation S1: ftp://sideshow.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/usrs/dgalvan/JGR_Tohoku_Animations/20110311_Japan_1200redux_dualpass_color_No26.mp4

Animation S2: ftp://sideshow.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/usrs/dgalvan/JGR_Tohoku_Animations/Japan20110311_SongOnly.mp4

Animation S3: ftp://sideshow.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/usrs/dgalvan/JGR_Tohoku_Animations/20110311_Japan_1200redux_dualpass_color_Song_No26.mp4

1. 2012RS005023-ms01.mov
Animation S1. Animation showing band-pass filtered VTEC at Ionospheric Pierce Points (IPPs) in the vicinity of Japan before, during, and after the earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011. Note traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), visible throughout the animation, moving outward away from the earthquake epicenter (represented by a black star). Earliest TIDs are likely associated with acoustic and Rayleigh waves caused by the earthquake itself, while later, slower-moving TIDs are likely associated with atmospheric internal gravity waves caused by the tsunami. Colorbar shows magnitude of VTEC perturbation in the ionosphere in TECU.

2. 2012RS005023-ms02.mov
Animation S2. Animation showing Song model of ocean tsunami wavefronts from Tohoku event of March 11, 2011.  Colorbar shows amplitude of sea surface waves in meters.

3. 2012RS005023-ms03.mov
Animation S3: Animation showing band-pass filtered VTEC at Ionospheric Pierce Points (IPPs) in the vicinity of Japan before, during, and after the earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011. Song model of ocean tsunami wavefronts is overplotted to show correlation between variations in VTEC and tsunami wave location. Note traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), visible throughout the animation, correlated with the tsunami position.  Earliest TIDs are likely associated with acoustic waves caused by the earthquake itself, while later, slower-moving TIDs are likely associated with atmospheric internal gravity waves caused by the tsunami.  Right colorbar shows magnitude of VTEC perturbation in the ionosphere in TECU, and left colorbar shows amplitude of sea surface waves in meters.