Author Information

Is this project an undergraduate, graduate, or faculty project?

Undergraduate

Project Type

individual

Campus

Daytona Beach

Authors' Class Standing

Anthony Damon, Senior

Lead Presenter's Name

Anthony Damon

Lead Presenter's College

DB College of Engineering

Faculty Mentor Name

Arka Das

Abstract

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that each year in the United States, approximately 1/3800 babies are born with only one functioning ventricle. The Fontan circulation is a result of the third stage procedure to correct single ventricle anatomy in children whose implementation has only led to a survival rate of ∼50% into adulthood. One of the failure points recognized is increased inferior vena cava (IVC) pressure within the total cavopulmonary connection. The research team proposes to enhance flow into the pulmonary system by adding an injection jet shunt (IJS) to induce flow entrainment by drawing flow directly from the aortic arch, balanced by a fenestration to maintain a ratio of pulmonary flow (Qp) to systemic flow (Qs) of 1. Therefore, oxygen tracking is critical to determining the optimal IJS-assisted Fontan model geometries for a given patient. In this study, we describe a dynamically controlled mock flow loop model (MFL) designed to quantitatively and qualitatively estimate the volume fraction of IJS flow (VFIJS) absorbed by the fenestration in the IVC conduit using a high-speed fluorescence technique called ultraviolet-induced fluorescence (UVIF). A patient, generic surrogate model of the total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) with average dimensions matching those of a 2–4-year-old patient is inserted in the MFL derived from a reduced lumped parameter model (LPM) representing the cardiovascular circulation using four 2-element Windkessel compartments. Using UVIF to image hemodynamic flow field at high temporal scales comes at the expense of low spatial resolution which is addressed by implementing a mechanism to increase spatial resolution while preserving temporal scale. This is done using a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)-trained radial basis function (RBF) interpolation network to increase the resolution of the VFIJS snapshot. Spectral proper Orthogonal decomposition (SPOD has been performed to characterize the spatiotemporal components of the dominant coherent structures of the jet-entrained flow field in the Fontan conduit. To this end, a precise mechanism for capturing the volume fraction of the entrained jet in the Fontan conduit has been developed utilizing the UVIF-based imaging technique with a SPOD-POD-trained RBF interpolation network. The experimental results obtained in this study follow the trends as reported in the in-silico findings.

Did this research project receive funding support (Spark, SURF, Research Abroad, Student Internal Grants, Collaborative, Climbing, or Ignite Grants) from the Office of Undergraduate Research?

Yes, Spark Grant

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A Benchtop Study of Fontan Circulation

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that each year in the United States, approximately 1/3800 babies are born with only one functioning ventricle. The Fontan circulation is a result of the third stage procedure to correct single ventricle anatomy in children whose implementation has only led to a survival rate of ∼50% into adulthood. One of the failure points recognized is increased inferior vena cava (IVC) pressure within the total cavopulmonary connection. The research team proposes to enhance flow into the pulmonary system by adding an injection jet shunt (IJS) to induce flow entrainment by drawing flow directly from the aortic arch, balanced by a fenestration to maintain a ratio of pulmonary flow (Qp) to systemic flow (Qs) of 1. Therefore, oxygen tracking is critical to determining the optimal IJS-assisted Fontan model geometries for a given patient. In this study, we describe a dynamically controlled mock flow loop model (MFL) designed to quantitatively and qualitatively estimate the volume fraction of IJS flow (VFIJS) absorbed by the fenestration in the IVC conduit using a high-speed fluorescence technique called ultraviolet-induced fluorescence (UVIF). A patient, generic surrogate model of the total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) with average dimensions matching those of a 2–4-year-old patient is inserted in the MFL derived from a reduced lumped parameter model (LPM) representing the cardiovascular circulation using four 2-element Windkessel compartments. Using UVIF to image hemodynamic flow field at high temporal scales comes at the expense of low spatial resolution which is addressed by implementing a mechanism to increase spatial resolution while preserving temporal scale. This is done using a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD)-trained radial basis function (RBF) interpolation network to increase the resolution of the VFIJS snapshot. Spectral proper Orthogonal decomposition (SPOD has been performed to characterize the spatiotemporal components of the dominant coherent structures of the jet-entrained flow field in the Fontan conduit. To this end, a precise mechanism for capturing the volume fraction of the entrained jet in the Fontan conduit has been developed utilizing the UVIF-based imaging technique with a SPOD-POD-trained RBF interpolation network. The experimental results obtained in this study follow the trends as reported in the in-silico findings.

 

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