Design and CFD Simulation of Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Systems in Formula One Cars

Faculty Mentor Name

Pratik Sarker

Format Preference

Poster

Abstract

Formula One racing represents the highest level of motorsport engineering, where aerodynamic performance strongly affects vehicle speed, stability, and handling. A key technology used to support overtaking is the Drag Reduction System (DRS), which reduces drag by changing rear-wing geometry. However, because DRS is typically applied only at the rear wing, activation can shift the aerodynamic center of pressure forward and create imbalance that may reduce stability during transitions.

This project investigates the aerodynamic effects of integrating DRS into both front and rear aerodynamic surfaces under the upcoming 2026 FIA regulations. Representative aerodynamic geometries are developed in SolidWorks and evaluated using high-fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics. The analysis compares three configurations: front DRS activation, rear DRS activation, and combined front–rear activation, focusing on airflow behavior, drag reduction, downforce distribution, and stability-related trends. The expected outcome is a numerical evaluation of whether combined activation can reduce aerodynamic imbalance while maintaining effective drag reduction. Findings from this study aim to support future flow-control strategies and design decisions aligned with evolving Formula One aerodynamic standards.

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Design and CFD Simulation of Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Systems in Formula One Cars

Formula One racing represents the highest level of motorsport engineering, where aerodynamic performance strongly affects vehicle speed, stability, and handling. A key technology used to support overtaking is the Drag Reduction System (DRS), which reduces drag by changing rear-wing geometry. However, because DRS is typically applied only at the rear wing, activation can shift the aerodynamic center of pressure forward and create imbalance that may reduce stability during transitions.

This project investigates the aerodynamic effects of integrating DRS into both front and rear aerodynamic surfaces under the upcoming 2026 FIA regulations. Representative aerodynamic geometries are developed in SolidWorks and evaluated using high-fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics. The analysis compares three configurations: front DRS activation, rear DRS activation, and combined front–rear activation, focusing on airflow behavior, drag reduction, downforce distribution, and stability-related trends. The expected outcome is a numerical evaluation of whether combined activation can reduce aerodynamic imbalance while maintaining effective drag reduction. Findings from this study aim to support future flow-control strategies and design decisions aligned with evolving Formula One aerodynamic standards.